Nila Saraswati is not much a different deity from traditional Saraswati, who subsumes her knowledge and creative energy in tantric literature. Saraswati continued her journey towards the ocean. There are separate dhyana shlokas and mantras for her worship in Tantrasara. She is not only worshipped but also been manifested as a form of Goddess Saraswati. Das, Subhamoy. The swan is also a symbolism for spiritual perfection, transcendence and moksha. — translated by John Muir. [64] Amulets with Saraswati and a peacock are also found in Thailand. Saraswati is also revered in Jainism as goddess of knowledge and regarded as source of all learning. A pot of water represents the purifying power to separate right from wrong, the clean from the unclean, and essence from the inessential. She represents the Sattwa Guna, and Jnana Shakti. Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/saraswati-goddess-of-knowledge-and-arts-1770370. Her two forehands flaunt the musical instrument Veena. Ancient Sharada Peeth in Pakistan’s Azad Kashmir is one of the oldest surviving temples of Saraswati. Another Saraswati Puja song with the same name and same singer but with a slightly different meaning. In visual representations, she has sacred scriptures in one hand and a lotus, the symbol of true knowledge, in the opposite hand. One of the most famous festivals associated with Goddess Saraswati is the Hindu festival of Vasant Panchami. On her left hand, she holds a book (pustak). Children are happy, since they are not expected to study on these days. Saraswati became a prominent deity in Buddhist iconography – the consort of Manjushri in 1st millennium CE. In Vedic literature, Saraswati acquires the same significance for early Indians (states John Muir) as that accredited to the river Ganges by their modern descendants. This symbol is a very popular stringed instrument from India. Das, Subhamoy. In the Gelugpa tradition, Palden Lhamo is known as Magzor Gyalmo (the Queen who Repels Armies[71]) and is a wrathful emanation of Saraswati while being a protector. she who wears on her locks a young moon, In some instances such as in the Sadhanamala of Buddhist pantheon, she has been symbolically represented similar to regional Hindu iconography, but unlike the more well-known depictions of Saraswati. Saraswati agreed and left Brahmaloka and arrived at sage Uttanka's ashram. It commemorates a battle between good and evil. The Curse of Saraswati, then, is the tendency of the human ego to drift away from the purity of the original devotion to education and wisdom, and toward the worship of success and wealth. The day after Saraswati day, is Banyu Pinaruh, a day of cleansing. There she met Shiva. Saraswati is the active energy and power of Brahma. [69][70], Saraswati is the Divine Embodiment & bestower of Enlightened Eloquence & Inspiration, patroness of the arts, sciences, music, language, literature, history, poetry & philosophy, all those engaged in creative endeavours in Tibetan Buddhism. Shri Saraswathi is the Goddess of learning, who is divine knowledge personified. may they who purify with butter, purify us with butter, (2020, August 27). More offerings were made to her than to her husband Brahma. Watugunung, the last day of the pawukon calendar, is devoted to Saraswati, goddess of learning. Learn Religions. In the Hindi language, her name is written Hindi: सरस्वती. The books will be taken out for reading, after worship, only on the morning of the third day (Vijaya Dashami). radiance on the implements of writing, and books produced by her favour. [1][4] The Goddess Saraswati is also known as Vidyadatri (Goddess who provides knowledge), Veenavadini (Goddess who plays Veena, the musical instrument held by Goddess Saraswati), Pustakdharini (Goddess who carries a book), Veenapani (Goddess who carries a veena in her hands), Hansavahini (Goddess who sits on swan) and Vagdevi (Goddess of speech). The peacock symbolizes colorful splendor, the celebration of dance, and – as the devourer of snakes – the alchemical ability to transmute the serpent poison of self into the radiant plumage of enlightenment.[31]. According to Hindu Culture, Saraswati is the goddess of knowledge, wisdom, music, art, consciousness, also known as the goddess of all the Vedas.Chanting of Saraswati Mantra can help you to achieve anything or everything … The Saraswati then flowed into the Arabian Sea at the Great Rann delta. ... it is used as a representative to the sage Narada and Saraswati, the goddess. [55][56] The day marks the close of 210 day year in the Pawukon calendar. All the devas and devis went to Saraswati and requested her to protect the universe. Saraswati is seated on lotus with peacock as her vehicle. [7] In Shanti Parva of the Hindu epic Mahabharata, Saraswati is called the mother of the Vedas, and later as the celestial creative symphony who appeared when Brahma created the universe. Then they prepare a feast, such as the traditional bebek betutu and nasi kuning, that they share. State City Hospital Name Address De-listing Andhra Pradesh Vijaywada Aphila Hospitals #29-8-39, Sagar bar Lane, Nakkal road, Suryaraopet, Vijayawada - 520002 July 01, 2013 Chattisgarh Bilaspur Shriram Care Hospital Ameri Road, Infr0nt of CSEB Office, Nehru Nagar, Bilaspur Chattisgarh - 495001 July 01, 2013 In Hindu mythology, the hamsa is a sacred bird, which if offered a mixture of milk and water, is said to be able to drink the milk alone. Prabha Publishers, Chennai. The devas were worried and they went to Vishnu or Shiva. – On Saraswati, Sarada Tilaka[24]. Saraswati is celebrated as a feminine deity with healing and purifying powers of abundant, flowing waters in Book 10 of the Rigveda, as follows: अपो अस्मान मातरः शुन्धयन्तु घर्तेन नो घर्तप्वः पुनन्तु | The Har-ki-dun glacier flowing from the Himalayas produced the Saraswati's tributaries, Shatadru (Sutlej) from Mount Kailas, Drishadvati from Siwalik Hills and the Yamuna. From there she flowed towards Pushkar. The child is made to write for the first time on the rice spread in a plate with the index finger, guided by an elder of the family or by a teacher.[53]. Best of mothers, the best of rivers, best of goddesses, Sarasvatī. [66]:327 She is also believed to be, in Mahayana pantheon of Myanmar, the protector of Buddhist scriptures. It remains one of the most popular items used in Hinduism. [45], Saraswati is also revered in Jainism as goddess of knowledge and regarded as source of all learning. Saraswati Puja is observed on the day of Basant Panchami, which is also the first day of spring. Her Mahavidhya forms are Matangi and Tara Mahavidya she manifests: In some regions of India, such as Vindhya, Odisha, West Bengal and Assam, as well as east Nepal, Saraswati is part of the Devi Mahatmya mythology, in the trinity (Tridevi) of Mahakali, Mahalakshmi and Mahasaraswati. Meaning - One Who is fair in complexion, Who is the essence of Brahman, one Who pervades the universe, with Veena in one hand and the Vedas in the other, bestower of fearlessness and remover of ignorance, with a Sphatik rosary in her hand, seated on a Lotus, the source of all intellect, to that Maa Saraswati I bow down. People especially students worship Goddess Saraswati also in pandals (a tent made up of colourful cloths, decorated with lights and other decorative items). It thus symbolizes the ability to discriminate between good and evil, essence from the outward show, and the eternal from the evanescent. It advanced the importance of knowledge and education in Kashmiri Pandit culture, which persisted well after Kashmiri Pandits became a minority group in Kashmir.[44]. Outside Nepal and India, she is known in Burmese as Thurathadi (သူရဿတီ, pronounced [θùja̰ðədì] or [θùɹa̰ðədì]) or Tipitaka Medaw (တိပိဋကမယ်တော်, pronounced [tḭpḭtəka̰ mɛ̀dɔ̀]), in Chinese as Biàncáitiān (辯才天), in Japanese as Benzaiten (弁才天/弁財天) and in Thai as Suratsawadi (สุรัสวดี) or Saratsawadi (สรัสวดี). [25] She not only embodies knowledge but also the experience of the highest reality. In some parts, she is known by her twin identities, Savitri and Gayatri. विश्वं हि रिप्रं परवहन्ति देविरुदिदाभ्यः शुचिरापूत एमि || — Rigveda 10.17[16], May the waters, the mothers, cleanse us, [57], On Saraswati day, people make offerings in the form of flowers in temples and to sacred texts. In some interpretations, "Sara" is translated as "Essence", and "Sva" is translated to "Self". and from the crimson cusp of whose hands pours, India. [26][30], Sometimes a citramekhala (also called mayura, peacock) is shown beside the goddess. The concept of Saraswati migrated from India, through China to Japan, where she appears as Benzaiten (弁財天). [4] The book she holds symbolizes the Vedas representing the universal, divine, eternal, and true knowledge as well as all forms of learning. In Bihar and Jharkhand, Vasant Panchami is commonly known as Saraswati Puja. Sharada, Savitri, Brahmani, Bharadi, Vani, This page was last edited on 12 March 2021, at 05:31. The Veena. Pre-school children are given their first lesson in reading and writing on this day. Various Purana texts offer alternate legends for Maha Saraswati.[39]. It may be in one's own house, in the local nursery school run by traditional teachers, or in the local temple. [6] She has remained significant as a goddess from the Vedic period through modern times of Hindu traditions. "Aksharabhyasa", the ceremony of initiating a child into the process of learning, is held on a large scale across these temples. All Hindu educational institutions conduct special prayer for Saraswati on this day. Some notable temples include the Gnana Saraswati Temple in Basar on the banks of the River Godavari, the Wargal Saraswati and Shri Saraswati Kshetramu temples in Medak, Telangana. On Saraswati Puja, the idol is worshipped by people and prasad is distributed among the devotees after puja. The Veena is an Indian stringed instrument that represents art and learning. Das, Subhamoy. A mālā of crystals, representing the power of meditation, inner reflection, and spirituality. When shown with four hands, those hands symbolically mirror her husband Brahma's four heads, representing manas (mind, sense), buddhi (intellect, reasoning), citta (imagination, creativity), and ahamkāra (self consciousness, ego). Saraswati's birthday, Vasant Panchami, is a Hindu festival celebrated every year on the fifth day of the bright fortnight of the lunar month of Magha. Significance of Saraswati Puja. [33][34], She said that she would only agree if her disciple, Bramha told her to do so. Her iconography is typically in white themes from dress to flowers to swan – the colour symbolizing Sattwa Guna or purity, discrimination for true knowledge, insight and wisdom. Saraswathi Pooja. In the Tiruvalluva Maalai, a collection of fifty-five Tamil verses praising the Kural literature and its author Valluvar, she is referred to as Nāmagal and is believed to have composed the second verse. In Tamil Nadu, Koothanur hosts a Saraswati temple at Koothanur in Tamil Nadu about 25 kilometres from Tiruvarur. Playing the veena symbolises how one can achieve harmony with this universe by tuning one’s intuition. Saraswati is also the name of a major river of ancient India. In Goa,[50] Maharashtra and Karnataka, Saraswati Puja starts with Saraswati Avahan on Maha Saptami and ends on Vijayadashami with Saraswati Udasan or Visarjan. In Kannada, variants of her name include Sharade, Sharadamba, Vāni, Veenapani in the famous Sringeri temple. In these states, on the occasion of Saraswati Puja, Goddess Saraswati is worshipped in the form of idol, made up of soil. She is considered the peaceful manifestation of Palden Lhamo (Glorious Goddess). Her iconography shows her with four hands, two of which hold the veena, a musical instrument. Originally associated with the river or rivers known as Saraswati, this combination, therefore, means "she who has ponds, lakes, and pooling water" or occasionally "she who possesses speech". She is worshipped in parts of India as an incarnate or incarnation of Goddess Tara but mostly outside India. The sound of Her celestial veena awakens the notes of the sublime utterances of … Learn Religions uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. For Sanskrit to English translation of the four words: Some texts refer to her as "goddess of harmony"; for example: Glory of the Divine Mother (Devi Mahatmyam) by S.Sankaranarayanan. On the Vijaya Dashami day, Kerala and Tamil Nadu celebrate the Ezhuthiniruthu or Initiation of Writing for the little children before they are admitted to nursery schools. [4] The most famous feature on Saraswati is a musical instrument called a veena, represents all creative arts and sciences,[27] and her holding it symbolizes expressing knowledge that creates harmony. Saraswati is one of the goddesses of the Hindu Tridevi, which is the feminine counterpart of the Tridevs. [14][18] In Upanishads and Dharma Sastras, Saraswati is invoked to remind the reader to meditate on virtue, virtuous emoluments, the meaning and the very essence of one's activity, one's action. She takes her Matrika (Warrior) avatar as Brahmani. All of these are seen ultimately as aspects of a single great Hindu goddess, with Maha Saraswati as one of those nine. On this day, Hindus of Bali go to the sea, sacred waterfalls or river spots, offer prayers to Saraswati, and then rinse themselves in that water in the morning. Saraswati Ashtakshara Mantra: This mantra comprises of the 108 names of Goddess Saraswati and it is advised that all knowledge seekers should practice it, to gain high and pure knowledge. After Pratima Visarjan, members involved in the organisation of puja ceremony eat khichdi together. [4] She is a part of the trinity (Tridevi) of Saraswati, Lakshmi, and Parvati. In some versions, a sage named Auva created it. It consists of placing the books for puja on the Ashtami day. Icons of Saraswati with other deities of India are found in old Thai wats. In initial passages, the word refers to the Sarasvati River and is mentioned as one among several northwestern Indian rivers such as the Drishadvati. Learned and the erudite individuals attach great importance to the worship of goddess Saraswati as a representation of knowledge and wisdom. Get here Saraswati Puja mantra and bandana in Nepali and Sanskrit language. [60] Worship of Benzaiten arrived in Japan during the 6th through 8th centuries. She is generally shown to have four arms, but sometimes just two. VGSoM alumni Mohammad Athar and Saraswati R have been awarded IIT Kharagpur Young Alumni Achiever Award 2020 for their outstanding early-career contribution. [4][29] Saraswati is also associated with anurāga, the love for and rhythm of music, which represents all emotions and feelings expressed in speech or music. The History of Vasant Panchami, the Birth of Hindu Goddess Saraswati, The 8 Forms of Lakshmi, Hindu Goddess of Wealth, Lakshmi: The Hindu Goddess of Wealth and Beauty, Characters of the Mahabharata: Glossary of Names (P to Y), List of Gods and Goddesses From Antiquity, The Goddess Durga: The Mother of the Hindu Universe, M.A., English Literature, University of North Bengal. She is also referred to as Vagisvari and Bharati in Yasovarman era Khmer literature.[62]. By using Learn Religions, you accept our. You can chant this bandana anytime as well. [51], In Kerala and Tamil Nadu, the last three days of the Navaratri festival, i.e., Ashtami, Navami, and Dashami, are celebrated as Saraswati Puja. [59] It has become more widespread in Hindu community of Indonesia in recent decades, and it is celebrated with theatre and dance performance.[57]. The earliest sculpture of Saraswati in any religious tradition is the Mathura Jain Saraswati from Kankali Tila dating 132 CE.[47]. [4][26], Her dhyana mantra describes her to be as white as the moon, clad in a white dress, bedecked in white ornaments, radiating with beauty, holding a book and a pen in her hands (the book represents knowledge).[2]. Prasad mainly consists of boondi (motichoor), pieces of carrot, peas and Indian plum (ber). [citation needed], In India, she is locally spelled as সৰস্বতী in Assamese, সরস্বতী in Bengali, സരസ്വതി in Malayalam, சரஸ்வதி in Tamil, and ସରସ୍ଵତୀ in Odia. Meaning: Goddess Saraswati is white like the moonlight, snow, and the pearl and is adorned in pure ivory white. Cultural programmes are also organised in schools and institutes on this day. Out of these the rudra and vichitra veenas are used more often in Hindustani music, while the Saraswati veena and the chitra veena are used more frequently in the Carnatic music of South India. That Mahasaraswati I worship here who destroyed Sumbha and other asuras. Then they all went to Bramha and Bramha told Saraswati to become a river. In tantric literature of the former, Nilasaraswati has 100 names. [62] She and Brahma are referred to in Cambodian epigraphy from the 7th century onwards, and she is praised by Khmer poets for being the goddess of eloquence, writing, and music. [43] In line with the Kashmiri Pandit belief that springs which are the abode of goddesses should not be looked at directly, the shrine contains a stone slab concealing the spring underneath, which they believe to be the spring in which the goddess Sharada revealed herself to the rishi Shandilya. [citation needed], This article is about the Hindu goddess. [72][73] She is believed in the Tibetan tradition to have accompanied him on his travels, as well as regularly engaging in conversations with him. [14] In Book 2 of Taittiriya Brahmana, she is called “the mother of eloquent speech and melodious music”. He has written several books about Hinduism for children and young adults. It is also a Sanskrit composite word of surasa-vati (सरसु+अति) which means "one with plenty of water". Her dhyāna shloka given at the beginning of the fifth chapter of Devi Mahatmya is: [22], In Hindu tradition, Saraswati has retained her significance as a goddess from the Vedic age up to the present day. [1] She is also mentioned in many minor Sanskrit publications such as Sarada Tilaka of 8th century CE as follows,[24], May the goddess of speech enable us to attain all possible eloquence, [54], Saraswati is an important goddess in Balinese Hinduism. The goddess Saraswati is often depicted as a beautiful woman dressed in pure white, often seated on a white lotus, which symbolizes light, knowledge and truth. [11][12], Saraswati, is a Sanskrit fusion word of saras (सरस्) meaning "pooling water", but also sometimes translated as "speech"; and vati (वती) meaning "she who possesses". By about 1500 B.C. The four hands hold items with symbolic meaning — a pustaka (book or script), a mālā (rosary, garland), a water pot and a musical instrument (vīnā). Subhamoy Das is the co-author of "Applied Hinduism: Ancient Wisdom for Today's World." [37][38] This is one of many different Hindu legends that attempt to explain how the Hindu trinity of gods (Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva) and goddesses (Saraswati, Lakshmi and Parvati) came into being. With her other two hands, Saraswati plays the music of love and life on a string instrument called the veena. [14], अम्बितमे नदीतमे देवितमे सरस्वति — Rigveda 2.41.16[15]. Thus, the name Saraswati would translate to "She who helps realize the essence of self" or "She who reconciles the essence (of Parabrahman) with one's self". [42] Kashmiri Pandits believe the shrine to be the abode of the goddess. Her vahana or vehicle is the swan or goose. Wielding in her lotus-hands the bell, trident, ploughshare, conch, pestle, discus, bow, and arrow, her lustre is like that of a moon shining in the autumn sky. Saraswati is also a prominent figure in Buddhist iconography—the consort of Manjushri. Foods offered to Goddess Saraswati … Saraswati (Sanskrit: सरस्वती, IAST: Sarasvatī) is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, art, speech, wisdom, and learning. [41], In Tibet and parts of India, Nilasaraswati is sometimes considered as a form of Mahavidya Tara. [52], The celebrations start with the Puja Vypu (Placing for Worship). Saraswati merged with the tree and transformed into a river. [67], In Tibet, she is known as the Goddess of Music (Tibetan: .mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"BabelStone Tibetan Slim",Jomolhari,"Yagpo Tibetan Uni","Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya",Kailash,"DDC Uchen","TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","DDC Rinzin","Qomolangma-Woodblock","Qomolangma-Dunhuang"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}དབྱངས་ཅན་མ, Wylie: dbyangs can ma, THL: yang chen ma),[68] or the Tara of Music (Tibetan: དབྱངས་ཅན་སྒྲོལ་མ, Wylie: dbyangs can sgrol ma, THL: yang chen dröl ma), considered the consort of Mañjuśri, Buddha of Wisdom, she is one of the 21 Taras. We have posted here Holy Mantra of goddess Saraswati Mata which are chanted for the goddess of knowledge and wisdom in the day of Saraswati Puja. Saraswati is also regarded as responsible for dissemination of tirthankars sermon. The Saraswati veena is one of major types of veena today. [20][21] She is also addressed as Sāradā (the one who offers sāra or the essence), Shāradā (the one who loves the autumn season), Veenā-pustaka-dhārini (the one holding books and a Veena), Vāgdevi, Vāgishvari (both meaning "goddess of speech"), Vāni (speech), Varadhanāyaki (the one bestowing boons), Sāvitri (consort of Brahma), and Gāyatri (mother of Vedas). The name Veenavani refers to the veena or musical instrument Goddess Saraswati is depicted playing while being seated on the swan. It is believed that goddess Saraswati endows human beings with the powers of speech, wisdom, and learning. There are many avatars and forms of Goddess Saraswati. Saraswati is known by many names in ancient Hindu literature. [7] She is a part of the Tridevi, the triad of great Goddesses. The following popular pranam mantra, or Sanskrit prayer, is uttered by utmost devotion by Saraswati devotees as they eulogize the goddess of knowledge and arts: The beautiful human form of Saraswati comes to the fore in this English translation of the Saraswati hymn: When education and artistic skill becomes too extensive, it can lead to great success, which is equated with Lakshmi, goddess of wealth and beauty. for these goddesses bear away defilement, [citation needed], In 2018, the Haryana government launched and sponsored the annual National Saraswati Mahotsav in its state named after Saraswati. In some texts, the pot of water is symbolism for soma – the drink that liberates and leads to knowledge. In Burma, the Shwezigon Mon Inscription dated to be of 1084 CE, near Bagan, recites the name Saraswati as follows, In Buddhist arts of Myanmar, she is called Thurathadi (or Thayéthadi). These statues have veena in one hand which symbolizes music; book in one which symbolizes knowledge. [13][14], The word Saraswati appears both as a reference to a river and as a significant deity in the Rigveda. Saraswati is depicted in standing posture with 4 hands, one holding text, other holding a rosary and two hands holding Veena. Some examples of synonyms for Saraswati include Brahmani (power of Brahma), Brahmi (goddess of sciences),[19] Bharadi (goddess of history), Vani and Vachi (both referring to the flow of music/song, melodious speech, eloquent speaking respectively), Varnesvari (goddess of letters), Kavijihvagravasini (one who dwells on the tongue of poets). who sits reclined on a white lotus, In Assam, Odisha, West Bengal and Tripura, Goddess Saraswati is worshipped on Vasant Panchami, a Hindu festival celebrated every year on the 5th day in the Hindu calendar month of Magha (about February). I come up out of them pure and cleansed. [32], The story of Devi Saraswati becoming a river is mentioned in the Srishti Khanda of Padma Purana as well as in Skanda Purana.

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